California Governor Gavin Newsom has signed a sweeping package of bills aimed at protecting children online and addressing emerging risks and harms from artificial intelligence (AI), social media, and deepfake technologies. The legislation cements California’s role as a national leader in technology governance, balancing innovation with child safety.

“Emerging technology like chatbots and social media can inspire, educate, and connect — but without real guardrails, technology can also exploit, mislead, and endanger our kids,” Newsom said. “We can continue to lead in AI and technology, but we must do it responsibly — protecting our children every step of the way. Our children’s safety is not for sale.”

The new laws introduce wide-ranging safeguards across digital platforms. They require operating systems and app stores to implement age verification measures, mandate social media warning labels, and create strict accountability for AI-driven harm. A key provision targets “companion chatbots,” requiring them to identify users showing signs of suicidal ideation, disclose that interactions are AI-generated, and block access to sexually explicit material. Developers are also barred from presenting chatbots as healthcare professionals.

Another measure strengthens penalties for deepfake pornography, allowing victims — including minors — to seek civil damages of up to $250,000 from individuals or platforms that knowingly distribute nonconsensual explicit material. Additional legislation directs the California Department of Education to establish a statewide model policy to address cyberbullying, including acts that occur off-campus.

First Partner Jennifer Siebel Newsom said the new laws reflect “true leadership” that prioritizes children’s well-being alongside innovation. “Our kids deserve a world that values them more than the technology around them,” she said.

The legislative package includes 18 bills addressing AI transparency, cybersecurity, and online privacy, ensuring companies remain accountable for harms caused by autonomous systems. Together, the measures position California at the forefront of responsible digital-age governance, reinforcing its commitment to both technological progress and child protection.

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