Representatives of the National People’s Congress (NPC) have formally proposed the creation of a comprehensive and systematic artificial intelligence (AI) law, aimed at supporting China’s ambitions to become a global AI powerhouse and advance Chinese-style modernization.
In a press release, the NPC emphasized the need for a unified legal framework to address the rapid expansion of AI technologies and their growing impact on China’s economy, society, and governance. The proposed legislation is listed as a preliminary review project in the NPC Standing Committee’s 2025 legislative work plan, signaling early-stage legislative momentum.
According to the proposal, the law would focus on five key areas. First, it would promote AI innovation and industrial development by increasing fiscal support for research and application, implementing favorable financial policies, supporting talent training and recruitment, and establishing clear development plans for the industry.
Second, the law would create a dynamic system for classifying and regulating AI risks. It proposes four categories—prohibited AI practices, high-risk systems, systems with transparency risks, and low-risk systems—each governed by appropriate regulatory measures.
Third, the proposal calls for a framework to assess the social and ethical impact of AI. It would require formal evaluations, the establishment of ethical standards, and clear definitions of acceptable technology use and moral boundaries.
Fourth, the law would address international dynamics by encouraging strategic planning around global competition and proposing concrete steps to expand international cooperation and exchanges.
Finally, the proposed legislation would clarify legal responsibilities, including the definition of illegal AI-related acts, liability frameworks, compensation mechanisms, and oversight structures.
Lawmakers argue that this legislation is necessary to fill existing gaps and ensure the healthy, secure, and ethical development of AI technologies across China.
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